Ada beberapa kriteria tanaman berharga mahal. Utamanya adalah masalah kelangkaan, keunikan, terawat dan tren.
1. Tingkat Kelangkaan
Faktor kelangkaan dapat memicu mahalnya tanaman. Kelangkaan ini bisa ditimbulkan dari sulitnya di kembangbiakan, masih sedikit yang menjual karena tidak tren atau tanaman banyak tapi penjualnya tidak mau melepas. Jadi dapat dikategorikan sebagai langka di pasar dan langka karena sulit dikembangbiakan.
2. Unik
Semua tanaman unik dan tidak memiliki perbedaan antara satu dengan yang lain. Tapi unik yang dimaksud adalah memiliki ciri khas yang mencolok dan berbeda dari aslinya. Di pasaran dikenal istilah kristata, varigata dan mutasi. Kristata menunjukan kelainan pada titik percabangan yang mengakibatkan terjadinya banyak percabangan dan berbentuk seperti kipas. Varigata adalah bentuk penyimpangan warna pada daun atau batang. Kadang ada juga yang menyebut albino. Kebanyakan tanaman yang varigata dihasilkan dari biji. Mutasi adalah kelainan yang terjadi karena campur tangan alam (penyakit karena virus atau faktor bawaan lain) atau campur tangan manusia. Biasa dikenal dengan rekayasa genetik. Tanaman yang cukup heboh karena adanya rekayasa genetik adalah adenium magic red dragon.
3. Terawat Baik
Tanaman yang terawat baik akan memiliki bentuk yang baik dan sehat. Karena terawat maka bentuk daun, batang dan bunga menjadi lebih indah. Tanaman yang mahalpun apabila tidak terawat dengan baik akan berkurang nilainya, semisal Aglaonema yang daunnya rusak pasti tidak dihitung dalam penilaian. Untuk tanaman bunga, apabila dirawat dengan baik maka akan selalu berbunga indah dan rimbun.
4. Tren
Seperti halnya fashion, tanaman punya tren sendiri. Ini dipicu oleh ulah media dan juga nursery. Biasanya nursery besar bisa mengontrol putaran tren tanaman. Saat tren turun otomatis tanaman akan turun nilainya. Turunnya nilai bukan karena tanaman tersebut tidak unik atau tidak terawat, tapi mutlak karena hukum pasar.
5. Permintaan Banyak vs Ketersediaan Sedikit
Saat sedang tren atau memang langka, maka persediaan biasanya tidak sebanding dengan permintaan. Sesuai hukum pasar maka naiklah harganya. Tapi ini tidak berlaku bagi tanaman yang multiplikasinya bisa cepat seperti adenium. Walau permintaan banyak dan ketersediaan sedikit kadang harga adenium masih bisa dibawah rata2.
6. Memang Tidak Niat Dilepas
Pernah saya dengar ada Anthurium dijual seharga 9 digit. Hm... pertanyaan saya adalah apakah kolektor tersebut niat jual? Ada kalanya kolektor merangkap pedagang memang menahan barang koleksinya. Tetapi saat ada yang mau menawar dengan harga yang sangat-sangat pantas, tentulah kolektor pedagang tersebut mau. Membuat Tanaman Menjadi Mahal (Untuk Para Pedagang) Inilah yang paling orang mau lakukan walau tidak mudah melakukannya.
Tanaman dapat dibuat menjadi mahal apabila anda mau mengerjakan hal-hal berikut:
1. Merawat tanaman dengan baik
Ini adalah mutlak. Tanaman yang terawat baik secara kasat mata akan sangat indah. Walau hanya sekedar tanaman sansievera yang biasa ada di pinggir jalan kalau dirawat dengan baik pasti akan punya nilai yang lebih tinggi. Perawatan adalah dengan memberikan tempat yang baik (pot dan media), melakukan perawatan daun kalau tanaman tersebut punya nilai di daunnya, memberikan pupuk yang tepat, mengganti media saat dibutuhkan dan terus mengecek kesehatan secara berkala. Dalam hal ini juga dapat dilakukan proses pembentukan (semisal adenium) supaya bentuk lebih indah dan kompak. Proses pembentukan ini mencakup pruning, pembentukan cabang dan lainnya.
2. Mengkoleksi tanaman unik dan langka
Kalau anda termasuk kolektor yang tidak pernah peduli dengan tren, maka pilihan tanaman unik dan langka menjadi salah satu tujuannya. Kadang tanaman jenis unik dan langka tidak serta merta harganya mahal saat membeli. Pemilihan tanaman unik bisa dilakukan dengan berkeliling di kebun pembibitan tanaman hias. Biasanya bibit unik bisa mulai terdeteksi/prediksi/seleksi saat usia seedling muda. Untuk tanaman langka dapat berburu langsung ke daerah yang bersangkutan. Tanaman langka biasanya sulit ditemukan di nursery biasa. Kalau ada sedikit kenekatan dan modal bisa saja langsung cari ke nursery di luar negeri. Pembelian bisa lewat internet atau langsung kesana.
3. Memprediksi tren tanaman
Kalau anda punya insting bagus atau punya relasi yang cukup kuat di media maka prediksi tren tanaman tidaklah terlampau sulit. Kalau tidak punya terpaksa pasang kuping kiri dan kanan apa yang bakalan tren untuk tahun ini.
Tampilkan postingan dengan label Gardening dan Agroculture. Tampilkan semua postingan
Tampilkan postingan dengan label Gardening dan Agroculture. Tampilkan semua postingan
Rabu, November 28, 2007
Kamis, November 15, 2007
The History of Indoor Plants
Plants have been used indoors for many centuries. The Dutch interest in painting interiors and flower pieces went hand in hand with an increasing interest, throughout the western world, in the cultivated plant.
Again, the Dutch tulip craze of the 1630s must have influenced other countries, but travelers, since the returning Crusaders, would also have brought plants home and fostered them indoors prior to the advent of glass.
We know, too, that herbs were used extensively indoors : mostly for medicinal and culinary purposes.
In the seventheenth century, orangeries, structures made of brick or stone with large south facing windows, were built to shelter orange trees in winter.
But it was not until the introduction of glass structures, which could be heated, that plants could be grown inside to any degree.
Tropical fruit was initially cultivated in primitively heated houses ; pineapples, guavas and limes were grown - and also the first camellias.
Later, there followed the date palm and banana. Succulents, such as the aloe and agave, were also raised for medicinal purposes and to decorate terraces in summer.
During the nineteenth century, the conservatory became a standard addition to larger houses ; house plant cultivation moved into the realms of fashion, with fern houses, palm houses, and houses for exotic plants being all the rage.
Simple potted plants too began to escape from ghe conservatory to become the necessary accompaniment to the heavy, draped look of the late ninteeenth century interior although the smoke from open firepleces did the plants little good. Floristry became a fashionable lady's accomplishment.
One reaction to this style was to seek inspiration from what must have been a continuing, unsophisticated, cottage tradition of keeping temperate plants indoors to root or over winter, and of hanging herbs from the rafters to dry. An alternative Modernist movement at the beginning of this century used specific plants in its interiors -the lily being a great favorite. But the real origins of the use of house plants lie in Scandinavia where, traditionally, plans were brought indoors to relieve the bleakness of a long winter; and it was not until after the Second World
War that they really became part of the modish interior. It was then that house plants as we know them started to make their appearance, with species from Asia and Central and South America becoming available. Since then, new varieties have been bred which can be kept very successfully indoors.
Again, the Dutch tulip craze of the 1630s must have influenced other countries, but travelers, since the returning Crusaders, would also have brought plants home and fostered them indoors prior to the advent of glass.
We know, too, that herbs were used extensively indoors : mostly for medicinal and culinary purposes.
In the seventheenth century, orangeries, structures made of brick or stone with large south facing windows, were built to shelter orange trees in winter.
But it was not until the introduction of glass structures, which could be heated, that plants could be grown inside to any degree.
Tropical fruit was initially cultivated in primitively heated houses ; pineapples, guavas and limes were grown - and also the first camellias.
Later, there followed the date palm and banana. Succulents, such as the aloe and agave, were also raised for medicinal purposes and to decorate terraces in summer.
During the nineteenth century, the conservatory became a standard addition to larger houses ; house plant cultivation moved into the realms of fashion, with fern houses, palm houses, and houses for exotic plants being all the rage.
Simple potted plants too began to escape from ghe conservatory to become the necessary accompaniment to the heavy, draped look of the late ninteeenth century interior although the smoke from open firepleces did the plants little good. Floristry became a fashionable lady's accomplishment.
One reaction to this style was to seek inspiration from what must have been a continuing, unsophisticated, cottage tradition of keeping temperate plants indoors to root or over winter, and of hanging herbs from the rafters to dry. An alternative Modernist movement at the beginning of this century used specific plants in its interiors -the lily being a great favorite. But the real origins of the use of house plants lie in Scandinavia where, traditionally, plans were brought indoors to relieve the bleakness of a long winter; and it was not until after the Second World
War that they really became part of the modish interior. It was then that house plants as we know them started to make their appearance, with species from Asia and Central and South America becoming available. Since then, new varieties have been bred which can be kept very successfully indoors.
Senin, November 12, 2007
ANTHURIUM
Anthurium (Schott, 1829), is a large genus of about 600- 800 (possibly 1,000) species, belonging to the arum family (Araceae). It is the largest and probably the most complex genus of this family. Many species are undoubtedly not described yet and new ones are being found every year.
They grow in the most diverse habitats, mostly in wet tropical mountain forest of Central America and South America, but some in semi-arid environments. Most species occur in Panama, Colombia, Brazil, the Guiana Shield and Ecuador. According to the work of noted aroid botanist Dr. Tom Croat of the Missouri Botanical Garden, this genus is not found in Asia. It is solely a neotropical genus found in Mexico, Central America and the West Indies. http://www.aroid.org/genera/anthurium/abstrap1.htm Some species have been introduced into Asian rain forests, but are not endemic.
Anthurium grows in many forms, mostly evergreen, bushy or climbing epiphytes with roots that often hang from the canopy all the way to the floor of the rain forest. There are also many terrestrial forms as well as hemiepiphytic forms. A hemiepiphyte is a plant capable of beginning life as a seed and sending roots to the soil, or beginning as a terrestrial plant that climbs a tree and then sends roots back to the soil. They occur also as lithophytes. Some are only found in association with arboreal ant colonies or growing on rocks in midstream (such as A. amnicola).
The stems are short to elongate with a length between 15 and 30 cm. The simple leaves come in many shapes. Most leaves are to be found at the end of the stem. They can be spatulate, rounded, or obtuse at the apex. They may be erect or spreading in a rosette, with a length up to 40 cm. The upper surface is matted or semiglossy. The leaves are petiolate. In drier environments, the leaves can take a bird's-nest-shape rosette that enables the plant to collect falling debris, thus water and natural fertilizer. Terrestrials or epiphytes often have cordate leaves. Some grow as vines with rosettes of lanceolate leaves. Some species have many-lobed leaves.
The flowers are small (about 3 mm) and develop crowded in a spike on a fleshy axis and called a spadix, a characteristic of the arums. The flowers on the spadix are often divided sexually with a sterile band separating male from female flowers. This spadix can take on many forms (club-shaped, tapered, spiraled, and globe-shaped) and colors (white, green, purple, red, pink, or a combination).
The spadix is part of an inflorescence. The outer portion of the inflorescence is known as the spathe. Some people like to call the spathe a "flower", however it is simply a modified leaf. The spathe may be a single color (yellow, green, or white) or possibly multicolored including burgundy and red. That sometimes colorful, solitary spathe: a showy modified bract that can be somewhat leathery in texture. There are no flowers on the spathe as is sometimes thought. The flowers are found solely on the spadix. The spathe can vary in color from pale green to white, rose, orange or shiny red (such as A. andrenaum). The color changes between the bud stage and the anthesis, (the time the flower expands). Thus the color might change from pale green to reddish purple to reddish brown.
The flowers are hermaphrodite, containing male and female flowers. The fruits are usually berries with one to multiple seeds on an infructescence that may be pendant or erect depending on species.
The flowers of Anthurium give off a variety of fragrances, each attracting a variety of specific pollinators.
Several species are popular in the florist trade as pot plants or cut flowers and for interior decoration. They include forms such as A. crystallinum f peltifolium with its large, velvety, darkgreen leaves and silvery white venation. Most hybrids are based on A. andreanum or A. scherzerianum because of their colorful spathes.
source : Wikipedia
They grow in the most diverse habitats, mostly in wet tropical mountain forest of Central America and South America, but some in semi-arid environments. Most species occur in Panama, Colombia, Brazil, the Guiana Shield and Ecuador. According to the work of noted aroid botanist Dr. Tom Croat of the Missouri Botanical Garden, this genus is not found in Asia. It is solely a neotropical genus found in Mexico, Central America and the West Indies. http://www.aroid.org/genera/anthurium/abstrap1.htm Some species have been introduced into Asian rain forests, but are not endemic.
Anthurium grows in many forms, mostly evergreen, bushy or climbing epiphytes with roots that often hang from the canopy all the way to the floor of the rain forest. There are also many terrestrial forms as well as hemiepiphytic forms. A hemiepiphyte is a plant capable of beginning life as a seed and sending roots to the soil, or beginning as a terrestrial plant that climbs a tree and then sends roots back to the soil. They occur also as lithophytes. Some are only found in association with arboreal ant colonies or growing on rocks in midstream (such as A. amnicola).
The stems are short to elongate with a length between 15 and 30 cm. The simple leaves come in many shapes. Most leaves are to be found at the end of the stem. They can be spatulate, rounded, or obtuse at the apex. They may be erect or spreading in a rosette, with a length up to 40 cm. The upper surface is matted or semiglossy. The leaves are petiolate. In drier environments, the leaves can take a bird's-nest-shape rosette that enables the plant to collect falling debris, thus water and natural fertilizer. Terrestrials or epiphytes often have cordate leaves. Some grow as vines with rosettes of lanceolate leaves. Some species have many-lobed leaves.
The flowers are small (about 3 mm) and develop crowded in a spike on a fleshy axis and called a spadix, a characteristic of the arums. The flowers on the spadix are often divided sexually with a sterile band separating male from female flowers. This spadix can take on many forms (club-shaped, tapered, spiraled, and globe-shaped) and colors (white, green, purple, red, pink, or a combination).
The spadix is part of an inflorescence. The outer portion of the inflorescence is known as the spathe. Some people like to call the spathe a "flower", however it is simply a modified leaf. The spathe may be a single color (yellow, green, or white) or possibly multicolored including burgundy and red. That sometimes colorful, solitary spathe: a showy modified bract that can be somewhat leathery in texture. There are no flowers on the spathe as is sometimes thought. The flowers are found solely on the spadix. The spathe can vary in color from pale green to white, rose, orange or shiny red (such as A. andrenaum). The color changes between the bud stage and the anthesis, (the time the flower expands). Thus the color might change from pale green to reddish purple to reddish brown.
The flowers are hermaphrodite, containing male and female flowers. The fruits are usually berries with one to multiple seeds on an infructescence that may be pendant or erect depending on species.
The flowers of Anthurium give off a variety of fragrances, each attracting a variety of specific pollinators.
Several species are popular in the florist trade as pot plants or cut flowers and for interior decoration. They include forms such as A. crystallinum f peltifolium with its large, velvety, darkgreen leaves and silvery white venation. Most hybrids are based on A. andreanum or A. scherzerianum because of their colorful spathes.
source : Wikipedia
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